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J Acupunct Res > Volume 33(4); 2016 > Article |
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country | participants | Interventions | outcomes | |||
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treatment group | control group | outcome measure | results reported | |||
➀ Clinical observation on treatment of 40 cases of apoplexy hemiplegia complicated shoulder-hand syndrome with electro-acupuncture, Guo ZX et al18) (1995) | China |
(a) Electroacupuncture group (n = 40) - Average age: 60.54 years - Stage and severity of disease: 55.25 days (b) Filiform needle acupuncture group (n = 40) - Average age: 55.89 years - Stage and severity of disease: 53.06 days Stroke nature: cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage |
(a) Electroacupuncture group - Acupuncture: 8 acupoints (Ashi point, PC2, LU5, bizhong, PC6, ST32, SP6, LR3) and adjustment depending on patient’s symptoms - Electroacupuncture: 4 acupoints (Ashi point with PC2, LU5 with bizhong) : 1 session/day, 20 min, 30sessions constituted a course, with 2-days interval between courses, total 2 courses. |
(b) Filiform needle acupuncture group - Acupuncture: 8 acupoints (Ashi point, PC2, LU5, bizhong, PC6, ST32, SP6, LR3) and adjustment depending on patient’s symptoms : 1 session/day, 20 min, 30sessions constituted a course, with 2-days interval between courses, total 2 courses |
the finger joint and shoulder joint improvement, main symptoms | (a) Group significantly superior for all outcomes than (b) group |
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➁ Clinical observation on penetration needling combined with electroacupuncture for treatment of poststroke shoulder-hand syndrome. Xue LW et al19) (2007) | China |
(a) Penetration needling combined with electroacupuncture group (n = 40) - Average age: 61.11 ± 7.12 years - Stage and severity of disease: 1~56 days (b) Routine acupuncture combined with electroacupuncture group (n = 40) - Average age: 60.72 ± 7.01 years - Stage and severity of disease: 1~53 days Stroke nature: cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage |
(a) Penetration needling combined with electroacupuncture group - Penetration needling: 6 acupoints (LI15 with HT1, LI1 with HT3, LI4 with PC8) : 1 session/day, 30 min, 5 sessions each week, 4 weeks. - Electroacupuncture: 2 acupoints (LI15 with LI4) : 1 session/day, 15min, 5 sessions each week, 4 weeks. |
(b) Routine acupuncture combined with electroacupuncture group - Acupuncture: 3 acupoints (LU, LI1, LI4) : 1 session/day, 30 min, 5 sessions each week, 4 weeks. - Electroacupuncture: 2 acupoints (LI15 with LI4) : 1 session/day, 15min, 5 sessions each week, 4 weeks. |
FMA, VAS | (a) Group significantly superior for all outcomes than (b) group |
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➂ Clinical study on acupuncture combined with rehabilitation therapy for treatment of poststroke shoulder-hand syndrome, Shang YJ et al20) (2008) | China |
(a) Acupuncture combined with rehabilitative exercises group (n = 40) - Average age: 53.42 ± 6.17 years - Stage and severity of disease: 5.23±1.47 months (b) Acupuncture group (n=40) - Average age: 52.38 ± 6.25 years - Stage and severity of disease: 5.37 ± 1.42 months (c) Rehabilitation group (n = 40) - Average age: 51.79 ± 6.14 years - Stage and severity of disease: 5.02 ± 1.38 months Stroke nature: not explained |
(a) Acupuncture combined with rehabilitative exercises group - Simple Acupuncture: 8 acupoints (LI15, jianquan, TE14, HT1, LI14, LI11, PC(HP)6, LI4): 2 sessions/day, 40 min,30 days, total 60 sessions - Rehabilitative exercises: Bobath, OT: 2 sessions/day, approximately 30–40 min, 30 days, total 60 sessions |
(b) Acupuncture group - Simple Acupuncture: 8 acupoints (LI15, jianquan, TE14, HT1, LI14, LI11, PC(HP)6, LI4): 2 sessions/day, 40 min, 30 days, total 60 sessions |
FMA, VAS, | (a) Group significantly superior for all outcomes than (b) (c) group |
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➃ Observation on therapeutic effect of opposing needling for treatment of poststroke shoulder-hand syndrome, Hong JB et al21) (2009) | China |
(a) Opposing needling group (n = 30) - Average age: 60.02 ± 9.06 years - Stage and severity of disease: 31.3±3.11 days (b) Routine acupuncture group (n = 30) - Average age: 61.5 ± 9.32 years - Stage and severity of disease: 31.87 ± 3.30 days Stroke nature: cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage |
(a) Opposing needling group - Acupuncture: 7 acupoints (LI15, SI9, LI10, TE6, SI3, GB34, dongtong point*), 7 acupoints (TE14, LI14, LI11, TE5, LI4, ST38, dongtong point) in rotation, on the affected side : 1 session/day, 30 min, 10 days, 10 sessions constituted a course, with 2~3-days interval between courses, total 2 courses |
(b) Routine acupuncture group - Acupuncture: 7 acupoints (LI15, SI9, LI10, TE6, SI3, GB34, dongtong point*), 7 acupoints (TE14, LI14, LI11, TE5, LI4, ST38, dongtong point) in rotation, on the healthy side : 1 session/day, 30 min, 10 days, 10 sessions constituted a course, with 2~3-days interval between courses, total 2 courses |
FMA, VAS, edema degree, ADL scale |
(a) Group significantly superior for FMA, edema degree, ADL scale than (b) group |
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➄ Effect of kinetic needling combined with blood-letting puncturing and cupping on functions of upper limbs of patients with shoulder-hand syndrome after apoplexy, Liu W et al22) (2010) | China |
(a) Kinetic needling plus acupuncture combined B-IPC group (n = 45) - Average age: 61.0 ± 1.4years - Stage and severity of disease: 43.3 ± 5.4 days (b) Simple acupuncture combined with B-IPC group (n = 45) - Average age: 63.0 ± 1.5 years - Stage and severity of disease: 41.8 ± 5.7 days Stroke nature: cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage |
(a) Kinetic needling plus acupuncture combined B-IPC group - Kinetic needling: scalp acupuncture (Dlngnle Qlanxlexlan, Dlngnle Houxlexlan, Dlngzhongxlan) - Acupuncture: 8 acupoints (Ashi point, L115, TE14, LI14, LI11, LI10, LI4, Baxle) - B-IPC: 4 acupoints (Ahsi, LI15, TE14, LI11) by cupping to cause bleeding of 2–5 mL: 1 session/day, 30 min, 6 days, 6sessions constituted a course, with 1-day interval between courses, total 4 courses |
(b) Simple acupuncture combined with B-IPC group - Acupuncture: 8 acupoints (Ashi point, L115, TE14, LI14, LI11, LI10, LI4, Baxle) - B-IPC: 4 acupoints (Ahsi, LI15, TE14, LI11) by cupping to cause bleeding of 2–5 mL: 1 session/day, 30 min, 6 days, 6 sessions constituted a course, with 1-day interval between courses, total 4 courses |
FMA, VAS | (a) Group significantly superior for all outcomes than (b) group |
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➅ Therapeutic effect of acupuncture and massage for shoulder-hand syndrome in hemiplegia patients: a clinical two-center randomized controlled trial, Li N et al23) (2012) | china |
(a) Acupuncture-massage grouptn = 60) - Average age: 62 ± 12years - Stage and severity of disease: 28 ± 6 days (b) Rehabilitation grouptn = 60) - Average age: 61 ± 13years - Stage and severity of disease: 27 ± 5days Stroke nature: cerebral infarction |
(a) Acupuncture-massage group - Acupuncture: 9 acupoints (LI3, SI3, SJ3, SI 15, SJ14, L115, LI10, SJ5, SI11) - Electroacupuncture: Two pairs of three pairs (LI5 with LI15, SI3 with SJ14, SJ3 with S115) : 1 session/day, 25 min, 5 days, 5 sessions constituted a course, with 2-days interval between courses, total 6 courses, 6weeks - Massage: Manipulation of forearm: 1 session/day, 10min, 5 days, 5 sessions constituted a course, with 2-days interval between courses, total 6 courses, 6weeks Manipulation of shoulder: 1 session/day, 10 min, 5 days, 5 sessions constituted a course, with 2-days interval between courses, total 6 courses, 6weeks Passive movement of shoulder joint: 1 session/day, 5min, 5 days, 5 sessions constituted a course, with 2-days interval between courses, total 6 courses, 6weeks |
(b) Rehabilitation group Relax the shoulder joint: 1 session/day, 15 min, 5 days, 5 sessions constituted a course, with 2-days interval between courses, total 6 courses, 6 weeks -Bobath: 1 session/day, 15min, 5 days, 5 sessions constituted a course, with 2-days interval between courses, total 6 courses, 6weeks -PNF: 1 session/day, 10 min, 5 days, 5 sessions constituted a course, with 2-days interval between courses, total 6 courses, 6 weeks |
NPRS, Stage of shoulder-hand syndrome, FMA of upper limb, FMA of hand, mRS |
(a) Group significantly superior for NPRS Stage of shoulder-hand syndrome FMA of upper limb, mRS than (b) group |
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➆ Observation on the clinical efficacy of shoulder pain In post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome treated with floating acupuncture and rehabilitation training, Wang J et al24) (2013) | China |
(a) Floating acupuncture group (n = 30) - Average age: 61.4 ± 9.7 years - Stage and severity of disease: 3 weeks ~ 6 months (b) Oral administration of western medicine group (n = 30) - Average age: 61.9 ± 9.8 years - Stage and severity of disease: 3 weeks ~ 5 months (c) Local fumigation of Chinese herbs group (n = 30) - Average age: 63.2 ± 10.3 years - Stage and severity of disease: 3 weeks ~ 6 months Stroke nature: cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage |
(a) Floating acupuncture group - Floating acupuncture: two inserting points(the site 80~100 mm inferior to each of the two obvious tender points) was stimulated with floating needling technique.: 1 session/day, 30 min, 1 month - Rehabilitative exercises: 1 session/day, 30 min daily for 1 month |
(b) Oral administration of western medicine group - Mobic 7.5 mg: once a day, 1 month - Rehabilitative exercises: 1 session/day, 30 min daily for 1 month (c) Local fumigation of Chinese herbs group - the formula for activating blood circulation and relaxing tendon(Korean angelica root 15 g, Radix Paeonia rubra 12 g, Curcuma longa 10 g, Lycopodii Flerba 30 g, Pinus densiflora 10 g, Kalopanax 12 g, Uquidambaris Fructus 15 g, Angelica koreana root 12 g, Araliae continentalis radix 12 g, Seseleos radix 12 g, Maximowicz’s Jerusalem sage 12 g, Licorice 6 g. Cnidium 10 g, Cinnamomi Ramulus 12 g, Frankincens 10 g, Myrrh 12 g) affected side shoulder: 1 session/day, 30min, 1 month - Rehabilitative exercises: 1 session/day, 30 min daily for 1 month |
VAS, Takagishi shoulder joint function assesment, MBI | (a) Group significantly superior for all outcomes than (b) (c) group |
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➇ Post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome treated with acupuncture and rehabilitation - a randomized controlled trial, Wan WR et al25) (2013) | China |
(a) Acupuncture rehabilitation group(n=60) - Average age: 60±6 years - Stage and severity of disease: 38.4±9.0days (b) Simple rehabilitation grouptn = 60) - Average age: 63 ± 6 years - Stage and severity of disease: 33 ± 9.4 days Stroke nature: cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage |
(a) Acupuncture rehabilitation i group - Acupuncture: 7 acupoints (LU9, ST36, GB39, TE5, LI10, LI11, LI15) and adjustment depending on patient’s symptoms: 1 session/day, 30 min, 7 days, 7 sessions constituted a course, with 2~3-days interval after two courses, total 4 courses - Rehabilitative exercises: OT training: 1 session/day, 30~40 min, 7 days, 7 sessions constituted a course, with 2~3-days interval after two courses, total 4 courses |
(b) Simple rehabilitation grouptn = 60) - Rehabilitative exercises: OT training: 1 session/day, 30~40 min, 7 days, 7sessions constituted a course, with 2~3-days interval after two courses, total 4 courses |
FMA, upper limb pain score, the score of nerve function defect, the items of nailfold microcirculation | (a) Group significantly superior for all outcomes than (b) group |
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➈ Effect of warm acupuncture stimulation of waiguan (TE5) on post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome, Meng FY et al26) (2014) | China |
(a) Warm acupuncture grouptn = 30) - Average age: 69.3 ± 5.7 years - Stage and severity of disease: 19.8 ± 3.7 days (b) Routine acupuncture grouptn = 30) - Average age: 68.7 ± 5.2 years - Stage and severity of disease: 19 ± 2.9 days Stroke nature: cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage |
(a) Warm acupuncture group - Acupuncture: affected side 7 acupoints (LI15, GB21, LI11, SI4, TE4, LI4): 1 session/day, 30 min, 5 sessions each week, 2 weeks, total 10 sessions - Warm acupuncture: affected side TE5 (two moxibustions on tail of needle): 1 session/day, 20 min, 5 sessions each week, 2 weeks, total 10 sessions - Rehabilitation training: passive and active upper-limb motion exercise: 1 session/day, 30 min, 5 sessions each week, 2 weeks, total 10 sessions |
(a) Routine acupuncture group - Acupuncture: affected side 7 acupoints (LI15, SI9, LI11, SI4, TE4, LI4): 1 session/day, 30 min, 5 sessions each week, 2 weeks, total 10 sessions - Rehabilitation training: passive and active upper-limb motion exercise: 1 session/day, 30 min, 5 sessions each week, 2 weeks, total 10 sessions |
VAS, edema severity score, FMA | (a) Group significantly superior for all outcomes than (b) group |
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➉ Post-stroke shoulder-hand syndrome treated with floating-needle therapy combined with rehabilitation training - a randomized controlled trial,. Zhou ZH et al27) (2014) | China |
(a) Floating-needle group (n = 50) - Average age: 65 ± 9 years - Stage and severity of disease: 62.2 ± 42.5 days (b) Acupuncture group (n = 50) - Average age: 66 ± 12 years - Stage and severity of disease: 63.7 ± 44.4 days Stroke nature: cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage |
(a) Floating-needle group - Floating acupuncture: inserting point(the site 5 to 10 cm away from myofascial trigger point) was stimulated with floating needling technique: 1 session/day, 15 min, once every two days, 3 times a week, 14 days, total 6 sessions. - Rehabilitation training: passive and positive exercise: 1 session/day, 30 min, 5 sessions each week, 14 days, total 10 sessions |
(a) Acupuncture group - Acupuncture: 9 acupoints (jianqian, LI15, TE14, GB21, LI14, LI11, LI10, LI4):1 session/day, 30 min, 5 sessions each week, 14 days, total 10 sessions - Rehabilitation training: passive and positive exercise: 1 session/day, 30 min, 5 sessions each week, 14 days, total 10 sessions |
SFISS, SF-MPQ, FMA | (a) Group significantly superior for all outcomes than (b) group |
* Dongtong point - during moving the painful shoulder, the most painful spot when fixed In the most painful position.
FMA, Fuel-Meyer Assessment; VAS, Visual Analogue Scale; ROM, range of motion; OT, occupational therapy; ADL, activities of daily living; PNF, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; NPRS, numeric pain rating scale; MBI, modified Barthel Index; SFISS, shoulder hand syndrome scale; SF-MPQ, Short-Form McGill pain questionnaire.
Study | Described as Randomized | Described as Double-blind | Withdrawals and Dropouts | Method of Randomization | Method of Blinding | Score |
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Xue LW19) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Shang YJ20) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Hong JB21) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Liu W22) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Li N23) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Wang J24) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Wan WR25) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
MENG FY26) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Zhou ZH27) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Intervention | Acupuncture Rationale | Method of Stimulation | Treatment Regimen | Practitioners Background | Total |
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Cho HS17) | 5 | 2.5 | 3 | 0 | 10.5 |
Guo ZX18) | 3 | 2.5 | 3 | 0 | 8.5 |
Xue LW19) | 6 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 11 |
Shang YJ20) | 4 | 2.5 | 3 | 0 | 9.5 |
Hong JB21) | 6 | 3.5 | 3 | 0 | 12.5 |
Liu W22) | 5 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 12 |
Li N23) | 3 | 3.5 | 3 | 0.5 | 10 |
Wang J24) | 3 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 9 |
Wan WR25) | 6 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 13 |
MENG PY26) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 9 |
Zhou ZH27) | 6 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 12 |
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