The Effects of Sa-Am Acupuncture on Radial Pulse in Healthy Subjects: A Comparative Study of Large Intestine Tonifying and Sedating

Article information

Acupunct. 2014;31(3):7-18

Publication date (electronic) : 2014 September 20

doi : https://doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2014038

Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University

^*Corresponding author : Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion Medicine, Cheonan Oriental Hospital of Deajeon University, 4, Notaesan-ro, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, 331-958, Republic of Korea, Tel : +82-41-521-7550, E-mail : lh2000@dju.kr

Received 2014 August 10; Revised 2014 August 22; Accepted 2014 August 22.

Abstract

Objectives :

The purpose of this study is to find parameters to compare the effects of Sa-Am acupuncture with large intestine tonifying and sedating on radial pulse in healthy subjects.

Methods :

Sixty healthy subjects participated in this study, divided into large intestine tonifying acupuncture group, large intestine sedating acupuncture group and control group. Radial pulse was measured by 3 dimensional pulse imaging system(DMP-3000) before, right after, 30 minutes after and 60 minutes after acupuncture at Cun, Guan, and Chi in the acupuncture group and in the control group at the same time points.

Results :

Angle of main peak and magnitude of fourier component significantly changed by integrated analysis of Cun, Guan and Chi.
Amplitude of H1, Pulse Power volume / min, elasticity, AIx / HR, Frequency and magnitude of fourier component significantly changed by analysis of Cun, Guan, and Chi.

Conclusions :

The effect of Sa-Am acupuncture with large intestine tonifying and sedating in healthy human may be observed on time, amplitude, pulse area, augmentation index and fourier components parameters. The parameters analysed in this study may be used to differentiate the effects between Sa-Am acupuncture with large intestine tonifying and sedating on radial pulse. Further studies on the effects of Sa-Am acupuncture using radial pulse are needed.

Keywords: Sa-Am acupuncture with large intestine tonifying; Sa-Am acupuncture with large intestine sedating; Radial pulse; Cun Guan and Chi; 3 dimentional pulse imaging system

Fig. 1.

Effect of Sa-Am large intestine tonifying and sedating acupuncture on main peak angle of radial pulse

Healthy subjects in LI-T and LI-S group were given large intestine tonifying Sa-Am acupuncture and large intestine sedating Sa-Am acupuncture respectively. Those in control group took rest without acupuncture. Radial pulse was measured using 3 dimensional pulse imaging system at six different measuring locations before, right after, 30 minutes after and 60 minutes after acupuncture. Change ratio of main peak angle after acupuncture at each time point were analyzed. Data were expressed as mean ± SD(n=120).

LI-T : large intestine tonifying Sa-Am acupuncture group.

LI-S : large intestine sedating Sa-Am acupuncture group.

# : p<0.05, LI-T vs LI-S by ANOVA.

Fig. 2.

Effect of Sa-Am large intestine tonifying and sedating acupuncture on M1 of radial pulse

Healthy subjects in LI-T and LI-S group were given large intestine tonifying Sa-Am acupuncture and large intestine sedating Sa-Am acupuncture respectively. Those in control group took rest without acupuncture. Radial pulse was measured using 3 dimensional pulse imaging system at six different measuring locations before, right after, 30 minutes after and 60 minutes after acupuncture. Change ratio of M1 after acupuncture at each time point were analyzed. Data were expressed as mean ± SD(n=120).

LI-T : large intestine tonifying Sa-Am acupuncture group.

LI-S : large intestine sedating Sa-Am acupuncture group.

*: p<0.05, LI-T vs control by ANOVA.

# : p<0.05, LI-T vs LI-S by ANOVA.

Table 1.

Effect of Sa-Am Large Intestine Tonifying and Sedating Acupuncture on the Change of Elasticity of Radial Pulse at Each Measuring Point

Table 2.

Effect of Sa-Am Largeintestine Tonifying and Sedating Acupuncture on the Change of H1 of Radial Pulse at Each Measuring Point

Table 3.

Effect of Sa-Am Large Intestine Tonifying and Sedating Acupuncture on the Change of AIx / HR of Radial Pulse at Each Measuring Point

Table 4.

Effect of Sa-Am Large Intestine Tonifying and Sedating Acupuncture on the Change of Pulse Power Volume / Min at Each Measuring Point

Table 5.

Effect of Sa-Am Large Intestine Tonifying and Sedating Acupuncture on the Change of F1 of Radial Pulse at Each Measuring Point

Table 6.

Effect of Sa-Am Large Intestine Tonifying and Sedating Acupuncture on the Change of M1 of Radial Pulse at each Measuring Point

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Fig. 1.

Effect of Sa-Am large intestine tonifying and sedating acupuncture on main peak angle of radial pulse

LI-T : large intestine tonifying Sa-Am acupuncture group.

LI-S : large intestine sedating Sa-Am acupuncture group.

# : p<0.05, LI-T vs LI-S by ANOVA.

Fig. 2.

Effect of Sa-Am large intestine tonifying and sedating acupuncture on M1 of radial pulse

Healthy subjects in LI-T and LI-S group were given large intestine tonifying Sa-Am acupuncture and large intestine sedating Sa-Am acupuncture respectively. Those in control group took rest without acupuncture. Radial pulse was measured using 3 dimensional pulse imaging system at six different measuring locations before, right after, 30 minutes after and 60 minutes after acupuncture. Change ratio of M1 after acupuncture at each time point were analyzed. Data were expressed as mean ± SD(n=120).

LI-T : large intestine tonifying Sa-Am acupuncture group.

LI-S : large intestine sedating Sa-Am acupuncture group.

*: p<0.05, LI-T vs control by ANOVA.

# : p<0.05, LI-T vs LI-S by ANOVA.

Table 1.

Effect of Sa-Am Large Intestine Tonifying and Sedating Acupuncture on the Change of Elasticity of Radial Pulse at Each Measuring Point

	Group	Change ratio of elasticity after acupuncture
		0 min	30 min	60 min

		Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
Left Chon	Control	.110 ± .186	.068 ± .407	.165 ± .247
	LI-T	.041 ± .307	.279 ± .405	.190 ± .411
	LI-S	.202 ± .378	.187 ± .341	.137 ± .414

Left Guan	Control	.104 ± .430	.022 ± .284	.210 ± .601
	LI-T	.129 ± .409	.227 ± .660	.118 ± .315
	LI-S	.031 ± .409	−.037 ± .332	.075 ± .423

Left Cheok	Control	.145 ± .388	.085 ± .355	.155 ± .329^*
	LI-T	−.008 ± .289	.119 ± .335	−.039 ± .336^*^†
	LI-S	.071 ± .286	.100 ± .295	.159 ± .358^†

Right Chon	Control	.072 ± .517	.189 ± .479	.146 ± .362
	LI-T	.286 ± .821	.201 ± .574	.112 ± .535
	LI-S	.010 ± .283	.022 ± .372	.052 ± .337

Right Guan	Control	.170 ± .412	.182 ± .555	.106 ± .437
	LI-T	.153 ± .563	.212 ± .583	.247 ± .680
	LI-S	.088 ± .352	.088 ± .465	.041 ± .463

Right Cheok	Control	−.008 ± .238	.108 ± .243	.001 ± .207
	LI-T	−.039 ± .326	.040 ± .287	.133 ± .615
	LI-S	.078 ± .377	−.017 ± .327	.074 ± .320

LI-T : large intestine tonifying Sa-Am acupuncture group. LI-S : large intestine sedating Sa-Am acupuncture group.

^*:

p<0.05, LI-T vs control by Mann-Whitney test.

^†:

p<0.05, LI-T vs LI-S by Mann-Whitney test.

Table 2.

Effect of Sa-Am Largeintestine Tonifying and Sedating Acupuncture on the Change of H1 of Radial Pulse at Each Measuring Point

	Group	Change ratio of H1 after acupuncture
		0 min	30 min	60 min

		Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
Left Chon	Control	−.027 ± .278	−.111 ± .403	.008 ± .266
	LI-T	.065 ± .189	.106 ± .346	.051 ± .262
	LI-S	.038 ± .246	.035 ± .269	.097 ± .236

Left Guan	Control	.070 ± .176	.038 ± .273^*	.131 ± .272
	LI-T	.164 ± .565	.318 ± .450^*^†	.376 ± .513
	LI-S	−.053 ± .237	.010 ± .241^†	.145 ± .411

Left Cheok	Control	−.056 ± .209	.022 ± .212	−.000 ± .201
	LI-T	−.014 ± .206	.154 ± .288	.072 ± .204
	LI-S	−.087 ± .220	.000 ± .187	−.052 ± .233

Right Chon	Control	.063 ± .381	.058 ± .338	−.007 ± .374
	LI-T	.561 ± 2.571	.682 ± 3.056	.657 ± 2.809
	LI-S	−.067 ± .360	.042 ± .294	−.091 ± .268

Right Guan	Control	.113 ± .419	.069 ± .522	.135 ± .437
	LI-T	.061 ± .343	.076 ± .344	.127 ± .467
	LI-S	−.080 ± .259	.052 ± .221	−.023 ± .321

Right Cheok	Control	−.024 ± .258	.093 ± .774	−.007 ± .462
	LI-T	.010 ± .202	.072 ± .176	.026 ± .203
	LI-S	.210 ± .618	.226 ± .607	.238 ± .709

LI-T : large intestine tonifying Sa-Am acupuncture group. LI-S : large intestine sedating Sa-Am acupuncture group.

^*:

p<0.05, LI-T vs control by Mann-Whitney test.

^†:

p<0.05, LI-T vs LI-S by Mann-Whitney test.

Table 3.

Effect of Sa-Am Large Intestine Tonifying and Sedating Acupuncture on the Change of AIx / HR of Radial Pulse at Each Measuring Point

	Group	Change ratio of AIx / HR after acupuncture
		0 min	30 min	60 min

		Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
Left Chon	Control	.074 ± .286	.063 ± .449	.061 ± .303
	LI-T	210 ± .447	.239 ± .475	.234 ± .371
	LI-S	.129 ± .385	.250 ± .401	.218 ± .377

Left Guan	Control	.033 ± .168	.122 ± .439	.178 ± .343
	LI-T	.172 ± .292	.209 ± .367	.159 ± .244
	LI-S	.104 ± .311	.282 ± .328	.179 ± .345

Left Cheok	Control	.110 ± .341	.096 ± .476	.193 ± .322
	LI-T	.208 ± .275	.228 ± .427	.259 ± .444
	LI-S	.210 ± .369	.225 ± .403	.259 ± .358

Right Chon	Control	−.099 ± .297	.144 ± .580	.136 ± .490
	LI-T	.054 ± .440	.005 ± .257	.092 ± .360
	LI-S	.066 ± .382	.216 ± .409	.091 ± .417

Right Guan	Control	−.034 ± .409	.147 ± .674	.156 ± .445
	LI-T	.027 ± .258	.113 ± .279	.002 ± .251
	LI-S	.093 ± .256	.052 ± .206	.275 ± .665

Right Cheok	Control	.176 ± .736	.149 ± .637	.114 ± .548
	LI-T	−.077 ± .240	.001 ± .354^††	−.041 ± .322
	LI-S	.192 ± .450	.343 ± .462^††	.179 ± .319

LI-T : large intestine tonifying Sa-Am acupuncture group. LI-S : large intestine sedating Sa-Am acupuncture group.

^††:

p<0.01, LI-T vs LI-S by Mann-Whitney test.

Table 4.

Effect of Sa-Am Large Intestine Tonifying and Sedating Acupuncture on the Change of Pulse Power Volume / Min at Each Measuring Point

	Group	Change ratio of pulse power volume / min after acupuncture
		0 min	30 min		60 min

		Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
Left Chon	Control	−.047 ± .408	−.150 ± .550	−.070 ± .249
	LI-T	.025 ± .275	.005 ± .346	−.082 ± .341
	LI-S	−.072 ± .296	−.092 ± .314	.018 ± .309

Left Guan	Control	.242 ± .885	.090 ± .604	.243 ± .718
	LI-T	.011 ± .412	.187 ± .519^††	.203 ± .485
	LI-S	−.153 ± .308	−.171 ± .221^††	−.032 ± .442

Left Cheok	Control	.116 ± .439	.108 ± .476	.034 ± .350
	LI-T	−.025 ± .406	.208 ± .777	.002 ± .328
	LI-S	.119 ± .792	−.035 ± .317	−.102 ± .325

Right Chon	Control	.281 ± .555^*‡‡	.190 ± .522	.068 ± .563
	LI-T	−.095 ± .254^*	−.092 ± .262	−.021 ± .265
	LI-S	−.147 ± .383^‡‡	−.057 ± .315	−.198 ± .256

Right Guan	Control	−.029 ± .328	.020 ± .532	−.056 ± .377
	LI-T	.020 ± .522	−.082 ± .395	.022 ± .560
	LI-S	−.164 ± .424	−.016 ± .380	−.135 ± .320

Right Cheok	Control	−.038 ± .449	.397 ± 1.579	.139 ± .872
	LI-T	.034 ± .491	.087 ± .601	−.005 ± .396
	LI-S	.119 ± .582	.199 ± .710	.242 ± .665

LI-T : large intestine tonifying Sa-Am acupuncture group. LI-S : large intestine sedating Sa-Am acupuncture group.

p<0.05, LI-T vs control by Mann-Whitney test.

^‡‡

p<0.001, LI-S vs control by Mann-Whitney test.

^††

p<0.01, LI-T vs LI-S by Mann-Whitney test.

Table 5.

Effect of Sa-Am Large Intestine Tonifying and Sedating Acupuncture on the Change of F1 of Radial Pulse at Each Measuring Point

	Group	Change ratio of F1 after acupuncture
		0 min	30 min	60 min

		Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
Left Chon	Control	−.033 ± .103	−.018 ± .179	−.052 ± .139
	LI-T	−.069 ± .138	−.092 ± .115	−.102 ± .149
	LI-S	−.060 ± .136	−.083 ± .189	−.103 ± .162

Left Guan	Control	−.015 ± .115	−.062 ± .175^‡	−.075 ± .080
	LI-T	−.079 ± .126	−.062 ± .159^†	−.136 ± .103
	LI-S	−.099 ± .103	−.150 ± .145^‡^†	−.127 ± .122

Left Cheok	Control	−.010 ± .111	−.017 ± .210	−.073 ± .152
	LI-T	−.063 ± .129	−.084 ± .107	−.122 ± .113
	LI-S	−.036 ± .126	−.073 ± .138	−.070 ± .139

Right Chon	Control	.011 ± .140	−.038 ± .108	−.046 ± .077
	LI-T	.016 ± .187	−.039 ± .154	−.035 ± .208
	LI-S	−.005 ± .200	−.098 ± .120	−.064 ± .131

Right Guan	Control	.012 ± .117^**	−.000 ± .180	−.050 ± .072
	LI-T	−.078 ± .112^**	−.065 ± .110	−.100 ± .150
	LI-S	−.017 ± .102	−.065 ± .133	−.056 ± .156

Right Cheok	Control	−.025 ± .053^‡‡	−.015 ± .146^‡‡	−.027 ± .091^‡‡
	LI-T	−.043 ± .109	−.016 ± .139^†	−.078 ± .156
	LI-S	−.085 ± .080^‡‡	−.117 ± .126^‡‡^†	−.119 ± .084^‡

LI-T : large intestine tonifying Sa-Am acupuncture group. LI-S : large intestine sedating Sa-Am acupuncture group.

^**

p<0.01, LI-T vs control by Mann-Whitney test.

^†

p<0.05, LI-T vs LI-S by Mann-Whitney test.

^‡

p<0.05,

^‡‡

p<0.001, LI-S vs control by Mann-Whitney test.

Table 6.

Effect of Sa-Am Large Intestine Tonifying and Sedating Acupuncture on the Change of M1 of Radial Pulse at each Measuring Point

	Group	Change ratio of M1 after acupuncture
		0 min	30 min	60 min

		Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD
Left Chon	Control	−.016 ± .220	−.152 ± .281^*	−.070 ± .258
	LI-T	.101 ± .298	.107 ± .315^*	.039 ± .256
	LI-S	−.004 ± .197	−.025 ± .179	.121 ± .368

Left Guan	Control	.094 ± .377	.005 ± .371^*	.178 ± .351
	LI-T	.125 ± .463	.248 ± .421^*^†	.328 ± .467^†
	LI-S	−.041 ± .273	.038 ± .285^†	.030 ± .353^†

Left Cheok	Control	−.041 ± .217	.038 ± .233	−.012 ± .214
	LI-T	.040 ± .288	.129 ± .287	.037 ± .208
	LI-S	−.012 ± .310	−.043 ± .136	−.055 ± .252

Right Chon	Control	.103 ± .355	.127 ± .298	.011 ± .222
	LI-T	.344 ± 1.409	.496 ± 1.708	.447 ± 1.139
	LI-S	−.113 ± .247	−.012 ± .239	−.088 ± .234

Right Guan	Control	.013 ± .249	.044 ± .474	.104 ± .467
	LI-T	.074 ± .304	.040 ± .227	.174 ± .438
	LI-S	−.072 ± .340	.040 ± .291	−.064 ± .357

Right Cheok	Control	.000 ± .228	.061 ± .383	.026 ± .408
	LI-T	−.011 ± .344	.077 ± .254	−.034 ± .196
	LI-S	.188 ± .507	.195 ± .455	.249 ± .587

LI-T : large intestine tonifying Sa-Am acupuncture group. LI-S : large intestine sedating Sa-Am acupuncture group.

p<0.05, LI-T vs control by Mann-Whitney test.

^†

p<0.05, LI-T vs LI-S by Mann-Whitney test.