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J Acupunct Res > Volume 34(3); 2017 > Article |
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Abbreviations: CG, control group; GR, group; JOA, Japanese Orthopaedic Association score; LSS, lumbar spinal stenosis; LWD, lamina windowing decompression; MA, miniscalpel acupuncture; NR, not recorded; ODI, Oswestry Disability Index; PTRT, percutaneous target radiofrequency thermocoagulation; TG, treatment group; VAS, visual analogue scale.
Author(year) |
Jadad score
|
IRB | Consent form | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |||
Liu (2010) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | − | − |
Ma (2014) | 1 | 0 | 0 | −1 | 0 | − | + |
Zhang (2014) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | − | + |
Xiong (2015) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | − | + |
Zhong (2016) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | − | + |
Author (year) | Treatment factor | Contents |
---|---|---|
Liu (2010) | period | 1 time per week, 2 weeks total |
type | – | |
anesthesia | used | |
region of insertion | 1 cm lateral to the spinous process | |
angle of insertion | straight | |
blade orientation |
– to the stimulation point |
|
depth of insertion | (contact with nerve root, patient complains of lower limb numbness - slightly withdraw needle at this point) | |
stimulation point |
1. nerve root 2. interlaminar space |
|
stimulation method | -for upper and lower longitudinal cutting and left and right horizontal stripping, if tension is increased, shake miniscalpel up and down | |
adjunctive imaging technique | – | |
Ma (2014) | period | 3 times per week, 2 weeks total |
type | 0.4 mm × 40 mm | |
anesthesia | – | |
region of insertion |
1. interspinous point and both upper and lower interspinous points 2. transport point*: acupoint used in bladder acupuncture - 1st line parallel to both sides of the spinous process |
|
angle of insertion |
1. interspinous: straight insertion 2. transport point: straight insertion |
|
blade orientation |
1. interspinous: sagittal 2. transport point: sagittal |
|
depth of insertion |
1. interspinous: 2–3 cm 2. transport point: 3–4 cm |
|
stimulation point |
1. interspinous: interspinous ligament 2. transport point: erector spinae muscle |
|
stimulation method |
1. interspinous: cut with a lifting-thrusting method 2 to 3 times, and then cut twice to each side 2. transport point: cut with a lifting-thrusting method 2 to 3 times with oblique cut, lateral stab 2 to 3 times, then turn miniscalpel 90°, cut 2 to 3 times |
|
adjunctive imaging technique | – | |
Zhang (2014) | period | 1 time per week, 2 weeks total |
type | 0.8 mm × 210 mm | |
anesthesia | – | |
region of insertion | Huatuo Jiaji (EX B2) Point† | |
angle of insertion | straight insertion | |
blade orientation | – | |
depth of insertion | To the stimulation point | |
stimulation point | ligamentum flavum | |
stimulation method | -to incise only the ligamentum flavum without damaging the dural sac and nerve roots, make a large incision and perfrom decompression without cutting completely | |
adjunctive imaging technique | c-arm, endoscopy | |
Xiong (2015) | period | 3 times per week, 2 weeks total |
type | – | |
anesthesia | used | |
region of insertion |
1. transverse process 2. facet joint 3. other sensitive points |
|
angle of insertion | – | |
blade orientation | sagittal | |
depth of insertion | to the stimulation point | |
stimulation point |
1. bone surface of transverse process 2. from medial margin of facet joint to superior edge of lamina |
|
stimulation method | -upper and lower longitudinal cutting and left and right horizontal stripping. | |
adjunctive imaging technique | – | |
Zhong (2016) | period | 1 time |
type | No. 3 Hanzhangzhendao‡ (NR × 80 mm) | |
anesthesia | used | |
region of insertion |
1. interspinous point 2. both sides of spinous process 3. intersection of facet joint lateral margin and transverse process upper margin 4. erector spinae muscle |
|
angle of insertion | – | |
blade orientation | – | |
depth of insertion | to the stimulation point | |
stimulation point |
1. interspinous ligament 2. ligamentum flavum 3. dorsal ramus of spinal nerve 4. erector spinae muscle |
|
stimulation method |
1. ligamentum flavum: when needle tip contacts top of lamina, upper and lower longitudinal cutting and left and right horizontal stripping (to 0.5-cm depth) 2. intersection of facet joint lateral margin and transverse process upper margin: cut with lifting-thrusting method to avoid nerve damage |
|
adjunctive imaging technique | c-arm |
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